Association between urinary sodium and potassium excretion and blood pressure among adults in Shandong Province,China
Objective To analyze the association between urinary sodium and potassium excre-tion with the risk of hypertension and blood pressure levels among adults in Shandong Province,China.Methods Residents aged 18-69 years were selected for questionnaire survey,physical examination,and random spot urine collection in Shandong Province in 2019.The 24 hour urinary sodium and potassium ex-cretion was estimated by spot urine through the Tanaka formula.Dose-response relationship and associa-tion of 24 hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion with the risk of hypertension and blood pressure levels using restricted cubic spline,logistic regression models,and linear regression models.Subgroup analyses were conducted according to different ages,genders,and antihypertensive drug usage.Results A total of 3 280 subjects were included,24 hour urinary sodium,urinary potassium and urinary sodium-potassium ratios were(4.12±0.95)g/d,(1.70±0.39)g/dand(2.51±0.69).For every 1g/d increase in sodium excretion,systolic blood pressure increases by 1.221 mmHg(95％CI:0.611-1.830,P＜0.001),and diastolic blood pressure increases by 0.612 mmHg(95％CI:0.201-1.023,P=0.004).For every 1g/d increase in potassium excretion,systolic blood pressure decreases by 2.297 mmHg(95％CI:-3.797--0.796,P=0.003)and diastolic blood pressure decreases by 1.159 mmHg(95％CI:-2.171--0.147,P=0.025).Compared with the group with a urinary sodium-potassium ratio of＜2.0,the ≥2.9 group increases the risk of hypertension by 37％(95％CI:1.062-1.769,P=0.015),with an increase in systolic blood pressure of 3.047 mmHg(95％CI:1.470-4.624,P＜0.001)and diastolic blood pressure of 1.796 mmHg(95％CI:0.734-2.859,P=0.001).There was no interaction for any of the metrics except for a multiplicative interaction for gender and urinary potassium in the association with systolic blood pressure(P=0.015).Conclusions With the increase of urinary sodium and the decrease of urinary potassium,the risk of hypertension,systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure all increase,and the use of random spot urine for assessing the risk of hyperten-sion in large epidemiological surveys is scientifically valid.
Urinary sodium and potassium excretionHypertensionSystolic blood pressureDiastolic blood pressure
万方数据
维普
