Research on potential cyber attacks and security threats to underwater systems
Underwater systems rely heavily on software and IT-intensive technologies to achieve their expected per-formance,as well as system integration and optimization through the integration of network capabilities.In the face of in-creasingly complex cyber threats,any vulnerabilities and threats generated by the operation of a single system can pose a threat to other connected systems,significantly expanding their attack surface.Combined with the severe security situation of underwater systems,this paper summarizes the current status of domestic and international research on cybersecurity in re-lated fields,introduces the system composition,network architecture,and technical characteristics of underwater systems,sorts out the weak links of security protection of underwater systems,explores potential cyber attacks and security threats of underwater systems,and analyzes the challenges of cybersecurity protection technology of underwater systems,so as to provide references and guidance for research on cybersecurity protection of underwater systems.