传统放牧模式下青藏高原高寒牧区藏系绵羊温室气体排放研究

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国家科技期刊平台
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NSTL
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维普

中文摘要：通过LCA原理,建立一个由6只公羊和200母羊建群的适度放牧天然牧场,模拟一个世代周期(7年),估算传统放牧模式下青藏高原高寒牧区藏系绵羊温室气体碳密度,不同排放源及种群组分的贡献率.藏系绵羊温室气体碳密度为13.07 kg CO2 eq(kg活体重)-1或24.85 kg CO2 eq(kg胴体)-1.肠道发酵排放的CH4占温室气体总排放量的比例为79％,次之为从土壤氮输入和粪便中排放的N2O(20％).建群繁殖种群和生产羔羊所排放的温室气体占整个系统的65％,35％由放牧期进行交易的羊产生.在整个系统构成成份中,母羊贡献最大(45％),生产期和交易期贡献率达46％.因此,在高寒牧区传统放牧模式下,可通过优化放牧方式(例如:提高母畜繁殖率减少母畜数量;缩短出栏周期),减少温室气体排放.

外文标题：Life Cycle Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emission from Tibetan Sheep under Traditional Grazing Management on the Alpine Grassland of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

外文摘要：A life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted to estimate whole-farm greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from Tibetan sheep on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.The aim was to determine the greenhouse gas carbon density of Tibetan sheep under traditional grazing management on the alpine grassland,the relative contributions of the emission sources and population composition.The simulated farm consisted of mutton production operation comprised of 6 stock rams and 200 stock ewes,and their progeny.The LCA was conducted over 7 years to fully account for the lifetime GHG emissions from the stock rams,ewes and progeny,as well as the mutton marketed from cull rams,cull ewes,and progeny raised for market.The emissions were estimated based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change methodology,modified for Chinese conditions and farm scale.The model considers all significant CH4,N2 O,and CO2 emissions and removals on the farm,as well as emissions from manufacture of inputs (fertilizer) and off-farm emissions of N2 O derived from nitrogen applied on the farm.The LCA estimated the GHG intensity of mutton production in this system at 24.85 kg CO2 equivalent (kg carcass)-1.Enteric CH4 was the largest contributing source of GHG accounting for 79 ％ of total emissions.Nitrous oxide from soil and manure accounted for a further 20％ of the total emissions,while CH4 emissions from manure and CO2 energy emissions were minor contribttors.Within the mutton production cycle,the ewe-lamb system accounted for about 65 ％ of total GHG emissions and the sheep for market for 35 ％.About 45 ％ of GHG was from the constructive ewes,and 46％ from the periods of production and trading.It follows that mitigation practices to reduce GHG emissions from mutton production should focus on promoting the grazing management (e.g.enhancing reproduction rate and reducing the population of ewes,shortening slaughtering period).However,mitigation approaches must also recognize that the ewe-lamb production system also has many ancillary environmental benefits,allowing use of grazing and forage lands that can preserve soil carbon reserves and provide other ecosystems services.

外文关键词：

Qinghai-Tibetan Plateaulife cycle assessmentTibetan sheepgreenhouse gasCO2CH4N2O

作者：

赵亮、陈懂懂、徐世晓、赵新全、李奇

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作者单位：

中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,青海西宁810008

中国科学院成都生物研究所,四川成都610041

关键词：

青藏高原生命周期原理藏系绵羊温室气体二氧化碳甲烷氧化亚氮

基金：

中国科学院战略性科技先导专项国家科技支撑项目国家科技支撑项目国家重点研发计划青海省科技支撑计划青海省科技支撑计划

项目编号：

XDA050702002012BAD13B012014BAC05B042016YFC05019052014-NS-1122014-NS-118

出版年：

2016

家畜生态学报

西北农林科技大学

家畜生态学报

CSTPCD北大核心

影响因子：0.635

ISSN：1673-1182

年,卷(期)：2016.37(8)

被引量6
参考文献量4