目的 探讨促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)治疗婴儿癫痫性痉挛综合征(IESS)疗效的影响因素及其预测指标.方法 回顾性分析成都市妇女儿童中心医院2016年1月-2020年12月收治并给予ACTH治疗的80例IESS患儿(男50例,女30例)的临床资料.根据ACTH治疗28 d疗效分为有效组(n=39)与无效组(n=41),收集并比较两组的临床资料,包括患儿的基本信息、病因、治疗方案及治疗前后脑电图高度失律严重程度评分(即Kramer评分)等指标.构建修正Poisson回归模型以发现疗效预测因素,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估阳性指标的预测价值.结果 患儿起病年龄为1个月7 d～1岁9个月.发作形式包括单纯痉挛发作66例,合并其他发作如局灶发作、继发全面性发作14例.32例ACTH治疗前已给予抗癫痫发作药物(ASMs)治疗.治疗前、治疗后14 d的Kramer评分分别为10.0(8.3,12.0)分和6.0(4.0,7.0)分.经ACTH治疗后39例(48.8%)有效.与有效组比较,无效组中围产期存在异常、病因不明发育迟滞、ACTH治疗前已使用ASMs、ACTH给药剂量>2 U/(kg.d)、联合2种以上ASMs、治疗14 d时仍有发作的构成比高,且ACTH治疗14 d Kramer评分高,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05).修正Poisson回归模型结果显示,两组ACTH治疗前是否使用ASMs(RR=0.546,95%CI 0.357～0.833,P=0.005)、治疗14 d后的Kramer评分(RR=0.701,95%CI 0.620～0.792,P<0.001)差异有统计学意义,而两组性别、年龄、围产期情况、病因、发作形式、治疗前Kramer评分、发病至治疗间隔时间、ACTH疗程、联合ASMs种类方面差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).ROC曲线分析显示,治疗14 d的Kramer评分对疗效有预测价值[曲线下面积(AUC)=0.930,95%CI 0.873～0.987,P<0.001],敏感度为92.7%,特异度为84.6%,约登指数为0.773,即治疗14 d Kramer评分越高,疗效越差,以6分为截点值,每升高1分,疗效降低接近30.0%.结论 治疗前已使用ASMs可能会影响ACTH的疗效,治疗14 d后的Kramer评分≥6分或可作为ACTH治疗IESS疗效不佳的独立预测指标.
Influence factors and predictors on infantile epileptic spasms syndrome treatment response after adrenocorticotropic hormone
Objective To explore the influence factors and predictors of treatment response after adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH)in infantile epileptic spasms syndrome(IESS).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 80 cases of IESS infants(50 males and 30 females)who were diagnosed and treated with ACTH in Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital from January 2016 to December 2020.Patients were divided into effective group(n=39)and ineffective group(n=41)based on their response of ACTH treatment after 28 days,and their clinical data including the patients'basic information,etiology,treatment programmer,per-and post-treatment Kramer scores of electroencephalogram(EEG)hypsarrhythmia severity and so on,were collected to compare and analyze between the two groups.A modified Poisson regression model was constructed to discover predictors of outcome,and the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to assess the prognosis evaluation of the positive predictive value.Results The ages at seizure onset ranged from one month and seven days to one year and nine months.Seizure types included simple epileptic spasms in 66 cases and combined with other types(focal and secondarily generalized seizures)in 14 cases.Thirty-two cases had been given anti-seizure medications(ASMs)before ACTH treatment.The median Kramer scores per-treatment and at 14 days post-treatment were 10.0(8.3,12.0)and 6.0(4.0,7.0),respectively.After ACTH treatment,39(48.8%)cases were effective.Compared with the effective group,the ineffective group had significantly higher proportion of abnormal perinatal conditions,unknown aetiology with normal development,ASMs given before ACTH treatment,the dosages of ACTH greater than 2 U/(kg·d),combinations of two or more ASMs,poor control,and still seizure attack after ACTH treatment of 14 days(P<0.05).Additionally,the Kramer scores after ACTH treatment of 14 days in the ineffective group were also significantly higher(P<0.05).The modified Poisson regression model showed that there were significant statistic differences between the two groups on ASMs given before ACTH treatment(RR=0.546,95%CI 0.357-0.833,P=0.005)and Kramer scores of hypsarrhythmia severity(RR=0.701,95%CI 0.620-0.792,P<0.001),while there were no significant differences between the two groups in term of ages,gender,perinatal conditions,etiologies,seizure types,Kramer scores before treatment,time lag between onset and treatment,duration of ACTH treatment,kinds of ASMs combination.ROC curve analysis showed that only Kramer scores at 14 days after ACTH treatment could predict the treatment response with sensitivity and specificity of 92.7%and 84.6%,respectively,with Youden index of 0.773.The area under the ROC curve was 0.930(95%CI 0.873-0.987,P<0.001)and the cut-point of the score was 6,indicating that the higher the Kramer scores at 14 days after ACTH treatment,the worse the treatment response.The treatment response rate would reduce by about 30.0%if the Kramer score increased by one point.Conclusion ASMs given before ACTH treatment may influence the treatment response.Kramer scores greater than 6 at day 14 after ACTH treatment may be used as a predictor of treatment response after ACTH in IESS patients.
万方数据
维普
