Has digital trade improved the innovation capacity of the countries and regions along the Belt and Road?——Analysis of mediation effect based on industrial structure upgrading
Based on the economic data of China and 50 countries(regions)along the Belt and Road from 2012 to 2021,and the data in the Global Innovation Index Report released by the World Intellectual Property Organiza-tion,this paper constructs a regression model of digital trade on national(regional)innovation capacity,and em-pirically analyzes the direct and indirect effects of digital trade development on the improvement of national(re-gional)innovation capacity.The results show that,on the one hand,the development of digital trade can directly improve the innovation capacity of countries(regions);On the other hand,the upgrading of industrial structure can play a mediating effect,while digital trade further improves the innovation capabilities of countries(regions)by promoting the upgrading,rationalization and equalization of industrial structure.Through sub-sample regres-sion,it is found that the countries(regions)with different incomes and trade openness have different effects of digital trade on the improvement of national innovation ability.In high-income and high trade openness coun-tries(regions),the effect of digital trade on enhancing their innovation capabilities is more significant.Based on this,this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to further promote the construction of digital infra-structure to build a pattern of regional digital coordinated development,promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure to guide the rationalization and equalization development of industrial structure,increase the trade openness with the countries(regions)along the Belt and Road to stimulate the spillover effects of digital trade.
digital tradeindustrial structure upgradingtrade opennessnational(regional)innovation capability
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