Since the reform and opening up,China has experienced four rounds of relatively obvious overcapacity:the surplus of consumer goods in the 1990s,the surplus of some industrial products from 2003 to 2007,the overall intensification of overcapacity from 2011 to 2015,and the phased results achieved in the governance of key industries from 2016 to 2020.The background,performance,treatment measures and effects of overcapacity in each stage are different.Historical investigation has found that the Chinese overcapacity has the following characteristics:overcapacity is closely related to economic fluctuations,overcapacity problems occur repeatedly,overcapacity and backward production capacity coexist,and the formation mechanism of overcapacity is profound and complex.In the new stage of development,China must not only promote the withdrawal of excess capacity,but also fundamentally establish a long-term mechanism to prevent the recurrence of excess capacity.It is suggested to focus on the following aspects:improve the market-oriented rule of law mechanism,build an efficient exit mechanism of excess capacity,promote the reform of government governance mechanisms and explore new models of combining government and the market,accelerate independent innovation in science and technology and promote the matching of supply and demand structures;speed up the establishment of a state-owned assets supervision system for"capital management,"and focus on promoting the capacity utilization rate of state-owned enterprises.
关键词
产能过剩/需求端管理/供给侧结构性改革/新发展阶段
Key words
excess production capacity/demand-side management/supply-side structural reform/new development phase
维普
万方数据