Effects of Low-temperature on Wheat Grain Setting Characterisics and the Mitigation Effect of Top-dressing Nitrogen Fertilizer at the Jointing Stage
To clarify the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the number of filled grains and grain weight of low-temperature wheat at the jointing stage,a pot experiment was carried out with wheat variety HC3366 as the material.Low-temperature stress treatments for 5 days(LT-T1)and 10 days(LT-T2)were carried out at the jointing stage,with natural temperature as control(CK-LT),and nitrogen fertilizer(LT-N)was applied on the end of low-temperature stress(LT-N).The spike traits,spikelet development,and floret development of potted wheat were compared and analyzed.The results showed that compared with CK-LT,with the extension of low-temperature time,the decrease of spike number,grain number per spike,grain weight,total spikelet number,and total floret number under LT treatment gradually increased;the number of top-fruiting florets,base-fruiting florets,strong-fruiting florets,and weak-fruiting florets all decreased significantly,and among them,the number of base-fruiting florets and weak-fruiting florets decreased the most.Compared with LT,with the extension of low-temperature time,the increase of grain number per spike,spike number,grain weight,total spikelet number,and total floret number under LT-N treatment gradually increased;the number of top-fruiting florets,base-fruiting florets,strong-fruiting florets,and weak-fruiting florets all increased,and among them,the number of base-fruiting florets and weak-fruiting florets increased the most.In summary,low temperature at the jointing stage mainly reduced the number of base-fruiting florets and weak-fruiting florets,reduced the seed setting rate of florets,and then reduced the number of grains per spike and the weight of weak grains.Top-dressing nitrogen fertilizer after low-temperature mainly increased the number of base-fruiting florets and weak-fruiting florets,increased the seed setting rate of base-fruiting florets and weak-fruiting florets,and increased the contribution rate of base-fruiting florets and weak-fruiting florets to grain number per spike,thereby increasing grain number per spike and weak grain weight,and reducing yield loss caused by low-temperature stress.
wheatlow-temperature stressnitrogen fertilizerjointing stagenumber of filled grains
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