摘要
抗战爆发后,大规模迁徙流亡的生命体验给学者们带来了强烈震撼,他们不再将目光放到诊视支离的小病之上,而是迫切想要探讨中华民族的生死存亡及文化命运.在这种群体心理转变的背景下,对考据学风琐碎无用的批评也不断蔓延开来,形成抗战情境下带有普遍性的强势话语.面对考据学被"群起而攻之"的局面,亦有史家如岑仲勉公开为考据学的价值辩护,而五四时期为考据摇旗呐喊的史家如傅斯年、顾颉刚、陈垣等虽然在抗战时期不约而同地对从前专注考证进行了反省和调适,但他们并没有因此否定考据的价值,甚至在学界极其强调学术为抗战服务时,还或隐或显地表达考据之于历史学的基础价值.此外一些学者即使顺应时代,在抗战时期刻意减少考据事业,但内心深处仍以考据为学问正途.为了弥合考据功力与价值诉求之间的鸿沟,一些考据大家开始有意识地将考据与义理相结合,寓义理于坚实的考据之上,实现了考据学的自我突破.
Abstract
After the Anti-Japanese War(AJW)outbreak,the life experience of large-scale migration and exile made scholars eager to explore the life and death of the Chinese nation and its cultural fate.Against this shift in group psychology,the criticism of textology had also been spreading,forming a dominant discourse with universality in the AJW context.In the face of the attack,while Cen Zhongmian and other historians openly defended its value,some historians,such as Fu Sinian and Gu Jiegang,adjusted their previous focus on textology and did not negate its value.In addition,although some scholars deliberately reduced their textual research during the AJW,they still heartfully took it as the right path.To bridge the gap between research skills and value demands,some researchers began to combine textual research with moral principles,thus achieving a breakthrough in the value of textual research.
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