Objective To investigate the efficacy of different blood transfusion methods in the treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding and its effect on the prognosis of the disease.Method 118 patients with gastrointestinal bleeding treated in our hospital from January 2020 to December 2023 were selected and randomly divided into routine group(59 cases)and observation group(59 cases).The rou-tine group was treated with active blood transfusion and the observation group was treated with restrictive blood transfusion.The changes of prothrombin time(PT),hematocrit(HCT),hemorheology,whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity(PV)of the two groups were compared before and after treatment,and the hemostasis,rebleeding,death and complications of the two groups were counted.Results No difference between PT and HCT in the two groups before treatment(P>0.05),compared with the pre-treatment ratio,the PT and HCT levels in the two groups after treatment were lower(P<0.05),and the PT and HCT in the observation group after treatment were lower than those in the conventional group(P<0.05).No difference in whole blood viscosity and PV before treatment(P>0.05),and the pre-treatment group increased whole blood viscosity and PV after treatment(P<0.05),and the above indicators were higher than those of the conventional group(P<0.05).The total response rate in the observation group was higher than that of the conventional group,significant(P<0.05).The observation group had a lower complication rate compared to the conventional group(P>0.05).Conclusion Restricted blood transfusion is beneficial to improve the therapeutic effect,promote the recovery of coagulation function and hemorheology,and reduce the incidence of complications.