环境污染强制责任保险实施策略及其影响因素

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中文摘要：环境污染强制责任保险(即"环强险")是一种利用市场机制化解突发环境事件风险、防治环境污染的创新型金融措施，对实现经济社会高质量发展具有重要意义。文章运用不完全信息动态博弈模型，分析了政府、企业、保险公司作为决策主体参与环境污染强制责任保险的最优策略和均衡条件，并以深圳市为例进行了实证分析。研究发现:①政府制定的企业责任分担因子与环境事故风险和损失呈负相关，保费与保险公司责任分担因子呈正相关，企业投保概率与企业责任分担因子呈正相关。②深圳市作为中国较早一批环境污染强制责任保险试点示范城市，其责任分担因子现在为企业承担较多赔偿责任，而保险公司承担较少赔偿责任。③根据模型分析结果可知企业投保意愿有限，这与其环强险实际投保概率仅有50%的情况相吻合。在此基础上，提出政府应适当补贴企业和保险公司，针对高风险高损失的产业，由保险公司承担更多责任，并赋予保险公司监督权限，针对企业制定严格的环保标准和罚款制度，要在促使企业主动投保的同时履行环保义务等对策建议。

外文标题：Implementation Strategy and Influencing Factors of Compulsory Environmental Pollution Liability Insurance

外文摘要：Compulsory liability insurance for environmental pollution is an innovative financial measure that uses market mechanisms to prevent and control environmental pollution,and has important implications for achieving high-quality economic and social development.Taking Shenzhen as the research area,this paper uses the incomplete information dynamic game model to analyze the optimal strategies and equilibrium conditions of the government,enterprises,and insurance companies as decision-makers in compulsory liability insurance for environmental pollution.The research finds that:1)The corporate responsibility sharing formulated by the government is negatively correlated with the risk and loss of environmental accidents,the premium is positively correlated with the liability sharing of insurance companies,and the insurance probability is positively correlated with the corporate responsibility sharing.2)As one of the first pilot demonstration cities of compulsory environmental pollution liability insurance in China,enterprises bear more compensation liability in terms of liability sharing in Shenzhen,insurance companies bear less compensation liability.3)According to the results of model analysis,the insurance willingness of enterprises is limited,which is consistent with the actual insurance probability of only 50%.Based on the above,it is suggested that the government should appropriately subsidize enterprises and insurance companies,for industries with high risk and high loss,a scheme should be designed that allows insurance companies to bear more responsibility and grant them supervision authority,and strict environmental protection standards and fine systems should be formulated for enterprises,so as to encourage them to take proactive insurance while fulfilling their environmental obligations.

外文关键词：

compulsory environmental pollution liability insuranceincomplete information dynamic game modelgreen financeenterprises and insurance companiesgovernmenthigh-risk and high-damage industriesenvironmental risk management

作者：

黄鹤菲、米运生

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作者单位：

华南农业大学经济管理学院,中国广东广州 510642

关键词：

环境污染强制责任保险不完全信息动态博弈模型绿色金融企业与保险公司政府高风险高损害产业环境风险管理

基金：

国家社会科学基金重大项目广东省哲学社会科学创新工程2022年度特别委托项目

项目编号：

19ZDA115GD22TWCXGC08

出版年：

2024

DOI：

10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2024.03.014

经济地理

中国地理学会湖南省经济地理研究所

经济地理

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心

影响因子：2.575

ISSN：1000-8462

年,卷(期)：2024.44(3)