Comparison between Focal-Animal Sampling and Scan Sampling for Behavioral Observation of Black Bear in Captivity
The behaviors of five captive black bear（Ursus thibetanus） at Shanhe Farm in Harbin were investigated using focal-animal sampling and scan sampling methods simultaneously.The results obtained by the two methods were compared and discussed to evaluate the reliability of the two sampling methods.The comparisons results showed that the absolutely behavioral frequencies observed by focal-animal sampling method were significantly higher than those observed by scan sampling method（χ2=4.388,P=0.036,df=1）.For the relative frequencies,however,the two methods got no different results（χ2=0.468,P=0.494,df=1）.The duration of behaviors was negatively and significantly correlated to the RD value（absolute frequencies：r=-0.900,P=0.000,df=13;relative frequencies：r=-0.898,P=0.000,df=13）to show that the duration was one of the main factors that influenced the difference between the results obtained by the two methods.The two results of absolute frequencies,as well as those of relative frequencies observed by the two methods were all positively and significantly correlated（r=0.965,P=0.000,df=13）.In each of the result groups（focal-animal sampling group and scan sampling group） of absolute frequencies,pairwise comparisons of frequency among all these 15 behaviors were performed to evaluate the consistency of the two methods to reveal that of the 105 comparisons in focal-animal sampling group,74 cases（70.5%）（hereafter,SG） were in line with that of scan sampling group,and 31 cases（29.5%）（hereafter,DG） showed different results.In DG group,the average difference value between the duration of the two behaviors involved in comparison significantly higher than that of SG（χ2=10.082,P=0.001,df=1）.
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据
维普
