首页|张广才岭地区獾的秋季食性

张广才岭地区獾的秋季食性

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为了解张广才岭地区獾(Meles meles)的秋季食物组成,试验采用粪便分析法对獾秋季食性进行分析.结果表明:獾秋季食物组成共10种.结合出现频率法和生物量比率法发现,狗枣猕猴桃(Actinidia kolomikta)出现频率为75.51%,生物量比率为76.85%;蚯蚓(Pheretima)出现频率为97.96%,生物量比率为10.01%;玉米(Zea mays)出现频率为32.65%,生物量比率为7.22%;昆虫出现频率为89.80%,生物量比率为1.51%.由此可知,张广才岭獾秋季主要食物为以上4种.植物性食物中,狗枣猕猴桃和玉米在秋季大量成熟,产量大,这可能是以上2种食物占比较大的原因.动物性食物中,从出现频率和生物量比率的角度分析,蚯蚓均占据着主导地位,说明在秋季蚯蚓相对于其他动物性食物更易获取.獾秋季Shannon-Wiener指数(H')为0.887,均匀性指数(E)为0.385,标准Levins生态位宽度指数(Bsta)为0.072.表明獾为机会主义广食者,且食物组成随着季节等环境因素的变化而变化.
Feeding Habits of Badger in Autumn in Zhangguangcai Mountains
In order to understand the food composition of the badger(Meles meles)in autumn in Zhangguangcai Mountains,the fecal analysis was used to analyze the feeding habits of badgers in autumn.The results showed that there were a total of 10 kinds of badger food composition in autumn.Actinidia kolomikta(frequency of occurrence:75.51%;biomass ratio:76.85%),Pheretima(frequency of occurrence:97.96%;biomass ratio:10.01%),Zea mays(frequency of occurrence:32.65%;biomass ratio:7.22%),and insects(frequency of occurrence:89.80%;biomass ratio:1.51%)were the main diet of badgers in autumn in Zhangguangcai Mountains.Among the plant foods,Actinidia kolomikta and Zea mays were mature in large quantities in the autumn with a large yield.This might be the reason why these two foods made up a larger portion.From the perspective of frequency and biomass ratio of carnivorous foods,Pheretima occupied the dominant position of badger carnivorous foods,indicating that in autumn,Pheretima were easier to obtain than the other carnivorous foods.With these results,the Shannon-Wiener diversity index H'was 0.887,the evenness index E was 0.385,and standard Levins niche width index Bsta was 0.072,respectively,which indicates that badgers are opportunistic wide-eaters,and their food composition changes correspondingly with seasonal and other environmental factors.

Meles melesautumnfeeding habitsActinidia kolomiktaopportunistic wide-eaterZhangguangcai mountains

于威、陈耕、刘振生、滕丽微

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东北林业大学野生动物与自然保护地学院,哈尔滨 150040

秋季 食性 狗枣猕猴桃 机会主义广食者 张广才岭

中央高校基本科研业务费

2572014CA03

2024

经济动物学报
吉林农业大学

经济动物学报

CSTPCD
影响因子:0.822
ISSN:1007-7448
年,卷(期):2024.28(1)
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