Digital Transformation,Human Capital Structure Adjustment and Value Chain Upgrading of Manufacturing Enterprises
At present,optimizing the position of manufacturing enterprises in the value chain division system is an important goal for China to move from"manufacturing power"to"manufacturing power".As the micro-main body that carries the manufacturing industry to participate in the division of labor in the value chain,more and more enterprises are joining the wave of digital transformation in the digital technology revolution,and these enterprises are using big data,artificial intelligence and other technologies to transform and upgrade the organizational structure and business model.Therefore,promoting the digital transformation in the manufacturing sector has important theoretical and practical significance for promoting manufacturing enterprises to climb to the high value-added links at both ends of the"smile curve".Based on a sample of listed manufacturing companies from 2010 to 2020,this paper examines how digital transformation affects the upgrading of manufacturing enterprises'value chains by improving their human capital structure.The findings are as follows:Digital transformation has promoted R&D innovation in the upstream value chain of manufacturing enterprises and service operation in the downstream value chain,which is conducive to promoting manufacturing enterprises to climb the high value-added link at both ends of the"smile curve".The mechanism test shows that the optimization of the relative and absolute demand structure of highly skilled human capital is an important mechanism for digital transformation to promote the upgrading of the value chain of manufacturing enterprises.The subdivision of the job structure shows that the digital transformation has increased the demand for technical research and development and marketing staff,and decreases the demand for production operations and administrative management staff.The subdivision education structure shows that the demand for employees with doctoral,master's degree and college degree is increased,while the demand for employees with high school education and below is reduced.Further research found that,the promotion effect of digital transformation on the value chain upgrading of state-owned enterprises is obviously better than that of non-state-owned enterprises;small and medium-sized enterprises have a more obvious response to digital transformation with the advantage of"small ship is easy to turn around";the higher the technical level and the stronger the industry competitiveness of the manufacturing enterprises,the more motivated they are to climb to high value-added links.Moreover,the promotion of digital transformation to the internal value chain of manufacturing enterprises can effectively improve the business performance of manufacturing enterprises.The research conclusions have important theoretical and policy implications for accelerating the digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises and solving the low-end lock-in dilemma of manufacturing enterprises'value chain under the digital context.Research contributions are reflected in the following aspects:Firstly,this paper constructs an evaluation index system from three dimensions of digital investment,digital technology application and business model transformation,enriching the quantitative evaluation indicators of enterprises'digital transformation.Secondly,the smile curve theory is introduced into the research system of digital transformation enabling manufacturing enterprises to upgrade the value chain,and its impact is revealed from two aspects of upstream R&D innovation and downstream service transformation.Thirdly,from the perspective of absolute demand structure and relative demand structure adjustment,this paper reveals and enrichis the mechanism of digital transformation affecting the upgrading of the value chain of manufacturing enterprises.
manufacturing enterprisesdigital transformationvalue chain upgradinghuman capital structure adjustmentsmiling curve
万方数据
维普
