Does the National Big Data Comprehensive Pilot Zone Bring Inclusive Effects:Based on Micro Evidence of Enterprise Digital Innovation
In the era of digital economy,data has become a key element of the national innovation-driven development strategy.The establishment of the national big data comprehensive pilot zone is an important measure for the government to grasp the development opportunity of the digital economy and promote the implementation of the national big data development strategy through policy experiments.However,existing research has not yet given a response to the following questions.Whether the construction of pilot zones as a top-level design by the central government and autonomous exploration by local governments can lead to an increase in the digitalization level of micro and small enterprises.Whether the digital dividend is only concentrated in state-owned enterprises,information companies and strong companies with high innovation capacity,or whether it can also raise the level of digital innovation of disadvantaged companies,thus realizing the inclusive effect of the digital dividend.In this paper,the empirical test method,double difference based on propensity score matching,selects data of 618 A-share listed enterprises in 31 provinces in China from 2011 to 2021.2016 was set as the policy implementation node.According to the fact that the first and the second batch of big data pilot zones were approved and established in 2016,data of A-share listed enterprises for five years around 2016 was selected and the digital innovation level of enterprises was measured by the number of enterprise digital patents.To explore the promotion effect of the digital innovation level and the inclusive effect on vulnerable enterprises.Results show that the establishment of the pilot zone significantly improves the level of enterprise digital innovation;The mechanism test shows that the knowledge flow and R&D investment caused by the establishment of the pilot zone indirectly promote the digital innovation of enterprises;Further,comparison and inspection find that the national big data comprehensive pilot zone has had the inclusive effect,which is reflected in the fact that the digital innovation process has crossed the gap between technology and innovation capability and the digital achievements have benefited non-information technology enterprises and enterprises with low innovation capability.The possible contributions of this paper are as follows:Firstly,from the perspective of research and the dimension of enterprise digital innovation,it studies the"inclusive effect"of the national big data comprehensive pilot zone policy pilot and expands the micro-level effect evaluation of policy implementation.Secondly,in terms of research methods,in order to reduce possible errors associated with sample self-selection,this paper adopts the matching method based on propensity score(PSM)to obtain the control group and further adopts the double difference(DID)to improve the accuracy of estimation results.Thirdly,the transmission law of the"inclusive effect"is analyzed according to whether the firm is a state-owned enterprise,the firm's own level of innovation and the heterogeneity of the industry,so as to provide appropriate policy tools for different types of enterprises and maximize the benefits of digital policies.This paper is a supplement to big data policy from the micro perspective of enterprises,which provides a theoretical basis for the optimization of big data policy and the formulation of enterprise digital strategy.It is conducive to the further improvement of the national digital development strategy.
national big data comprehensive pilot zoneuniversal benefit effectdigital innovationdifferential method
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