How Does Urban Density Affect Enterprise Innovation:Evidence from Neighborhood Density in Chinese Cities
As an important performance of urban economic agglomeration,density has been widely concerned.It not only affects productivity,economic growth and ecological environment,but also has important significance for innovation efficiency affecting the long-term growth.This paper matches China's industrial enterprise database and enterprise patent database from 2000 to 2013,and then constructs more than 3 million samples in the enterprise-year dimension by com-bining with the spatial distribution data of LandScan population.Based on OLS and instrumental variable method,this paper systematically identifies the impact of density difference on enterprise innovation.The results show that the increase of the density at the neighborhood level can signifi-cantly promote the patent output of enterprises,which reflects the strong innovation externality of high-density agglomeration.The innovation spillover effect of high-density agglomeration shows obvious spatial attenuation characteristics,that is,the spillover effect of innovation will decrease with the increase of geographical distance from enterprises.Further research on the type of densi-ty shows that compared with the employment density,the enterprise density can more significant-ly promote the positive externality of knowledge spillover,and the knowledge spillover effect of innovative enterprises and patent activity density is the most obvious.In addition,compared with intra industry agglomeration,the innovation spillover effect of cross-industry agglomeration is also more important.
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