Impact of Gender Equality Awareness on Female Employment:An Empirical Analysis Based on Newspapers in China in the 1930s
This paper uses newspapers in China in the early 20th century to construct gender equality awareness through text analysis methods to explore the short and long-term effects of gen-der equality awareness on female employment.The results show that increased awareness of gen-der equality significantly reduced the number and share of female employment and the number of holiday days in the 1930s.The findings are robust after using the number of chastity archways in the Ming and Qing dynasties as an instrumental variable to address the endogeneity problem.In contrast,in the long run,the effect of gender equality awareness on female employment reverses,from a negative effect before 2000 to a positive effect afterward.The increased bargaining power of workers after the arrival of the Lewis turning point in the labor market is key to the reversal of the long-and short-term impact.
gender equityfemale employmentbargaining powerLewis turning point
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