Employment is formed by the matching of labor demand and supply.Labor demand data,as a lead-ing indicator for analyzing the employment situation,has always been scarce.This survey aims at collecting labor-demand"weekly"data by industry through a weekly track visit to a representative online recruitment platform to observe features of new vacancies posted by enterprises in five industries,from the period of May 2017 to early March 2023.During the period,the overall labor demand of enterprises demonstrated shrinking trends,and has cy-clical and seasonal adjustment characteristics.The labor demand in every industry generally experienced a sharp de-cline and rapid rebound in the first half of 2020,forming a"deep V"curve,which is mainly thanks to the effec-tive implementation of various supportive policies for work resumption and production stabilization.Enterprises'capacity of providing jobs in several industries steadily recovered to the level of mid-2019 during 2020,and then showed differentiated trends in the following period.By early 2023,the number of new posts issued by enterprises in various industries contracted significantly compared with that of the early observation period.Private enterprises have been the biggest supplier of jobs in all the surveyed industries,and labor demand in large cities has declined in different degrees,and the minimum educational requirements for job seekers are increasing.The macro-econom-ic situations,the constraints of supply chains market demand for enterprises,the structure of labor demanders,the importance of human capital,and the like all are the deep-seated theoretical mechanism to affect the feature of the overall trend of labor demands.It is suggested that,at present and in the future,the coordination of various develop-ment policy measures be promoted;priorities be given to policies that are conducive to stabilizing expectations,growth,and employment;efforts be made in both the supply side and the demand side so as to smooth supply chains,strengthen industrial chains,and expand effective demand;appeals of private enterprises be responded to effectively for promoting the steady and sound development of the private sector;the job creation potential of enterprises be pro-moted into real job opportunities.
关键词
企业劳动力需求/岗位发布特征/就业机会指数/跟踪观察
Key words
Labor demand of enterprises/Characteristics of posted vacancies/Employment opportunity in-dex/Track survey
万方数据