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西南石漠化地区两种经济林木光合日动态特征

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为给我国石漠化地区经济林的栽培和生产提供科学依据,以‘香玲’核桃和‘贵农5号’刺梨为材料,利用光合测定仪对西南石漠化治理区的核桃和刺梨的光合日变化特征进行了测定和分析。结果表明:‘香玲’核桃的日均净光合速率5.57μmol/(m2·s)、蒸腾速率3.70 mmol/(m2·s)、水分利用效率1.94μmol/mmol;‘贵农5号’刺梨的日均净光合速率7.65μmol/(m2·s)、蒸腾速率4.48 mmol/(m2·s)、水分利用效率1.84μmol/mmol。核桃表现出低光合效率、低蒸腾效率;刺梨表现出高光合效率、高蒸腾效率的特点。石漠化地区由于特殊地质环境,在栽植经济林时要充分考虑树种的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和水分利用效率,较高的净光合速率和较低的蒸腾速率可以充分利用喀斯特稀缺的水分资源,同时产生更多的物质累积,提高潜在的生态经济效益。利用核桃与刺梨的光合效率特性差异,进行乔(核桃)-灌(刺梨)结合,可以增加地表覆盖度,提高光能利用率,减少土壤侵蚀。
Diurnal dynamic characteristics of photosynthesis of two non-wood forest tree species at rocky desertiifcation areas of southwest China
In order to provide a scientiifc basis for cultivation and production of non-wood forest at rocky desertiifcation areas of China, taking Julans regia ‘Xiangling’ and Rosa roxburghii ‘Guinong No.5’ as materials, diurnal dynamic characteristics of photosynthesis variation in J. regia and R. roxburghii were determined at Southwest China karst area, by using portable photosynthesis system. The results showed that average daily net photosynthetic rate of‘Xiangling’ was 5.57 μmol/(m2·s), transpiration rate was 3.70 mmol/(m2·s), and water use efficiency was 1.94 μmol/mmol. Average daily net photosynthetic rate of‘Guinong No.5’ was 7.65 μmol/(m2·s), transpiration rate was 4.48 mmol/(m2·s), and water use efifciency was 1.84 μmol/mmol. J. regia showed the characteristics of low photosynthetic and transpiration efifciency, while R. roxburghii showed the characteristics of high photosynthetic and transpiration efifciency. Due to special geological environment of karst areas, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and water use efifciency should be full considered when planting non-wood forest. The tree species with higher net photosynthetic rate and lower transpiration rate could make full use of water resources at karst areas, could accumulate more materials, and could improve potential ecological and economic beneifts. Planting trees and shrubs by using their differences of photosynthetic efifciency characteristics could increase surface cover degree, improve utilization rate of light energy and reduce soil erosion.

rocky desertiifcationJulans regia L.Rosa roxburghii Tratt.net photosynthetic ratediurnal dynamic

池永宽、熊康宁、王元素、刘成名、檀迪、李聪聪

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贵州师范大学 中国南方喀斯特研究院,贵州 贵阳 550001

贵州省草原监理站,贵州 贵阳 550001

石漠化 核桃 刺梨 净光合速率 日动态

国家“十二五”科技支撑计划重大项目贵州省重大科技攻关专项

2011BAC09B01黔科合重大专项字〔2011〕6009号

2015

经济林研究
中南林业科技大学

经济林研究

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:1.423
ISSN:1003-8981
年,卷(期):2015.(1)
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