Effects of waterlogging stress on growth and physiological characteristics in Malus hupehensis
In order to research growth, morphology, and physiological indexes of Malus hupehensis leaves under waterlogging stress, 3-year-old M. hupehensis seedings as materials were tested. The results demonstrate that: (1) Survial rate of M.hupehensis seedings was 100% during waterlogging stress,but leaf color and morphology changed significantly.Leaf color changed from green to amaranth during the early waterlogging period,and then changed from amaranth to yellowish green,and stem lenticels became larger and had a significant increase of number during the later waterlogging period. A large number of adventitious roots emergenced from lenticels at the stem base on the 49th day of waterlogging. (2)The growths of height and ground diameter in M. hupehensis seedlings were inhibited in long-term waterlogging stress. (3) Waterlogging stress inhibited synthesis of photosynthetic pigments, decreased chlorophyll content, carrot content and ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b, however, increased ratio of carotenoid to chlorophyll. (4)MDA content in leaves showed a tendency of firstly increased and then decreased,MDA content was significantly higher than that of the control (P<0.01) except for the early waterlogging period. (5) SOD activity in leaves showed a tendency of firstly increased and then decreased.SOD was increased during the early waterlogging period(21 d),then decreased,but was significantly higher than that of the control(P < 0.05).(6)Soluble sugar content was significantly promoted under waterlogging stress.These results suggest that M.hupehensis seedings can alleviate damage caused by waterlogging by forming a large number of larger lenticels and adventitious roots and maintaining higher carbohydrates level and SOD activity.Thus,M.hupehensis belonged to ornamental tree species with waterlogging tolerant and can be extened in flooding areas.
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