Analysis of genetic variation of flower phenotype characteristics in Xanthoceras sorbifolia clones
[Objective]To provide a reference for the utilization of the floral germplasm resources of Xanthoceras sorbifolia and the directional selection of new varieties of X.sorbifolia.[Method]Twenty-three X.sorbifolia clones,W1 to W23,which were introduced to Yancheng Forest Farm,were used as the research subjects to analyze the degree of variation of 16 floral phenotypic traits by comparing the coefficients of variation of these traits,including plant height,diameter,crown width,terminal length,number of female flowers in the terminal sequence,number of male flowers in the terminal sequence,number of flower buds in the terminal sequence,number of flowers in the terminal sequence,L value of erythrocyanidin,L value of yellow flower color,L value of erythrocyanidin,a value of yellow flower color,b value of red flower color,b value of yellow flower color,and L value of red flower color,b value of yellow flower color,flower color a value,red flower flower color b value,yellow flower color b value,red flower color C value,yellow flower color C value,W5S response value,W1W response value,W2W response value,and Pearson correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the correlation between traits,and principal component analysis and systematic clustering method were applied to comprehensively evaluate and classify the clones.[Result]The 14 floral phenotypic traits of the participating clones showed different degrees of variation,with coefficients of variation ranging from 9.62%to 210.04%.The correlation between 5 pairs of indicators reached the significant level(P＜0.05),and the correlation between 14 pairs of indicators reached the highly significant level(P＜0.01).A total of 9 important evaluation indexes,including crown width,top-sequence length,total number of flowers in the top-sequence,L value of red flower type flower color,C value of red flower type flower color,L value of yellow flower type flower color,C value of yellow flower type flower color,W1W response value,and W2W response value,were selected for the principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The nine indexes were simplified into four composite indexes by principal component analysis,and the cumulative variance contribution rate reached 77.335%.The composite scores of each clone ranged from-0.79 to 1.43,with W15,W5,W6,W19,and W18 ranking among the top 5.According to the results of cluster analysis,the 23 clones were classified into 3 categories,with the first category being the high quality of flower aroma(W15),the second category being the high quality of large flower volume and color(W5 and W19),and the third category being the common type(the rest of the clones).[Conclusion]The floral phenotypic traits of the participating clones of X.sorbifolia are rich in variation among clones,and the screening potential is high.The excellent clones selected are W5,W15 and W19,which can be popularized for cultivation.
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