Comprehensive evaluation of fruit quality and yield of macadamia nuts in rocky desertification areas
[Objective]To understand the quality characteristics of macadamia nut germplasm resources in rocky desertification areas,in order to screen out excellent macadamia nut cultivars that can be adapted to planting in rocky desertification areas.[Method]Thirteen cultivars of macadamia nuts from the rocky desertification areas of Guizhou were used as research objects to analyze and determine 34 indexes of macadamia nut fruit yield,appearance quality,nutrient composition and fatty acid fractions.Analysis of variance,correlation analysis and principal component analysis were used to analyze and comprehensively evaluate the fruit appearance quality,yield,nutrients and fatty acid fractions.[Result]The dry mass of shell ranged from 6.42 to 12.37 g,and the dry mass of shell was the largest in Nanya No.12 and HAES344;the seed yield ranged from 35.10 to 55.37%,and that of HAES344 was the highest and significantly higher than that of other cultivars.The kernel mass ranged from 2.27 to 4.36 g,kernel yield ranged from 29.76 to 46.44%,and yield per plant ranged from 1.66 to 21.04 kg,with Nanya No.116 had significantly higher kernel mass,kernel yield,and yield per plant than the other cultivars followed by Own Choice.The kernel mass,kernel yield,and yield per plant were significantly higher than those of the other cultivars.The variation of nutritional quality indexes of different cultivars of macadamia nuts were rich,with coefficients of variation ranging from 0.98%%to 41.82%,among which the coefficient of variation of Fe content was the largest,13.95%,and the coefficients of variation of protein and crude fat content were relatively small,3.84%and 0.98%,respectively.Among the fatty acid fractions of the kernel,the coefficient of variation of pentadecanoic acid and heptadecanoic acid was the largest with 14.29%,and the smallest was palmitic acid and oleic acid with 5.53%and 2.86%,respectively,and all of the fatty acid fractions of the kernel were dominated by oleic acid and palmitoleic acid.There was a significant correlation between the main nutritional quality indexes of macadamia nuts fruit,and the 12 main nutritional quality indexes were synthesized into 4 principal components by principal component analysis,and their cumulative contribution rate could reach 82.828%.The comprehensive scores of principal component of each cultivar from high to low were Nanya No.3,Own Choice,Hinde,HAES788,Nanya No.1,Nanya No.2,HAES344,Nanya No.12,Guire No.1,Nanya No.116,HVA16,HVA4 and HAES695.[Conclusion]Nanya No.3 and Own Choice have relatively good performance in comprehensive fruit traits,and these two cultivars can be used as good cultivars for popularization of planting in rocky desertification areas of Guizhou through in-depth research.In addition,Nanya No.l,Nanya No.12,Nanya No.116 and other varieties have good yields and nutritional qualities,and can be popularized as the main good cultivars.
Macadamia integrifoliafruit quality and yieldprincipal component analysiscomprehensive evaluation
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