Effect of pre-harvest moisture treatments on fruit cracking and fruit quality of Prunus domestica×armeniaca'Fengweihuanghou'
[Objective]To reduce the cracking rate of Xinjiang hybrid apricot and plum,improve fruit quality and yield,and provide reference for improving the scientific and efficient cultivation techniques of Xinjiang Prunus domestica×armeniaca.[Method]By setting 3 pre-harvest irrigation times(24 days,17 days,and 10 days)and 2 irrigation amounts(80 and 120 m3 per plot)and control treatments,the impact of pre-harvest water treatment on fruit cracking rate and quality was analyzed.Principal component analysis was used to comprehensively evaluate the fruit quality of each treatment,and the suitable irrigation time and amount for hybrid apricot and plum'Fengweihuanghou'were explored.[Result]The cracking rate was positively correlated with fruit moisture content and soil moisture content,with correlation coefficients of 0.524 and 0.489,respectively;There was a significant negative correlation with cell wall content,with a correlation coefficient of-0.509;There is a highly significant negative correlation between the calcium content in fruit peel and flesh,with correlation coefficients of-0.703 and-0.607,respectively.Lack of calcium and low cell wall content easily caused fruit cracking.The direct path coefficient between fruit peel calcium content and fruit cracking rate was the highest,while the indirect path coefficient between soil moisture content and fruit cracking rate was the highest.The results of principal component analysis showed that the indicators with higher contribution rates to the first principal component were soluble solid content,hardness,calcium content,and soluble sugar content.The indicators with higher contribution rates to the second principal component were vitamin C content,cellulose content,and soluble sugar content.The indicators with higher contribution rates to the third principal component were free proline content,cellulose content,and calcium content.The cumulative contribution rate of the three principal components was 91.917% .[Conclusion]The optimal fruit quality was achieved with a comprehensive score of 2.01 and the lowest fruit cracking rate(26% )under the treatment of 80 m3 of irrigation 24 days before harvest.
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