Effect of different potassium fertilizer furrow applications on the cold resistance of one year peach branches
[Objective]To examine the impact of varying rates of potash fertilizer applied in furrows on the cold resistance of 1-year-old peach branches,identify the optimal potash fertilizer application rate for enhancing cold resistance,and establish a scientific foundation for forestry production.[Method]Peach trees of the'36-5'variety were subjected to varied potash application rates(50,100,150,200,and 250 g/plant)with a control of 0 g/plant in furrow treatments conducted in September 2022.Samples of 1-year-old branches were collected on 30th November 2022 during the dormant period.These samples underwent artificially simulated low-temperature treatments ranging from 0 to-30 ℃ in 5 ℃ increments.The analysis aimed to determine the content of mineral elements(nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,calcium and magnesium),cell membrane permeability(relative conductivity,water content,malondialdehyde),osmotic regulating substances(soluble sugar,soluble protein),antioxidant enzyme system activity(peroxidase,catalase,superoxide dismutase),endogenous hormone levels(abscisic acid,growth hormone,cytokinin,gibberellin),and other physiological indicators.A comprehensive evaluation of each physiological indicator was conducted to assess the impact of potash application rates on cold resistance in peach branches.[Result]In response to low-temperature stress,peach branches exhibited increased antioxidant enzyme activity at varying potash application rates.This enhancement led to improved free radical scavenging capabilities of the antioxidant enzymes,enhanced osmotic regulatory system functions,and regulated cellular membrane permeability.Consequently,levels of the reactive oxygen radical product malondialdehyde(MDA)decreased,along with reductions in membrane permeability indices such as relative electrical conductivity.Furthermore,there was an increase in the content of osmotic regulatory system components(soluble proteins and soluble sugars),mineral elements,and abscisic acid(ABA),resulting in an elevated ABA/GA ratio.By fitting a logistic equation,the semilethal temperature for peach branching was determined,reaching its lowest point at 23.22 ℃ with a potash application rate of 150 g/plant.Through an affiliation function analysis,the combined evaluation of different potash application rates on peach branch cold resistance ranked as follows from strongest to weakest:150>200>250>100>50>0 g/plant(CK).Correlation analysis between the half-lethal temperature and the affiliation function revealed a significant negative correlation between the two factors.[Conclusion]Both the half-lethal temperature and the affiliation function can be used for the determination of cold resistance.150 g/plant potash treatment had the best effect,which can effectively improve the cold resistance of peach branches,and can be used as a reference for agricultural production.
peachpotassium fertilizercold tolerance evaluationlow temperature stress
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