Comparison of the growth indexes and essential oil components of rosemary at different growth periods
[Objective]To provide references for the scientific harvesting and directed utilization of rosemary.[Method]Using the rosemary of 2,3,5 and 7 years as the experimental materials,we compared the differences in growth indexes including leaf length,leaf width,leaf thickness,leaf dry mass,leaf fresh mass,leaf water content,and shoot length,as well as the characteristics in economical characteristics including oil content,the components and contents of rosemary essential oil analyzed by GC-MS,and so on.Meanwhile,we also compared the correlation between the growth indexes and essential oil components.[Result]The growth indexes of rosemary differed to different degrees in each age classes.With the highest fresh(20.80%-77.00% higher than the other ages)and dry mass(53.47%-120.00% higher than the other ages)of the four ages,the 3-year-old rosemary had a certain excellence compared to others,but which water content was the lowest(8.13%-9.06% lower than the other ages).The variation in shoots lengths was relatively large within each age class,and the deviation tended to increase with age.The essential oil content of rosemary increased extremely significantly(P＜0.01)with ages,and 2,3,5 and 7 years old rosemary contained 0.48%-1.54% essential oil.The essential oil components of rosemary also increased with age(3,5 and 7 years of rosemary essential oil were identified to 47,53,64 ingredients),the percentage of principal components(peak area%＞1)in the total content increased at first and then decreases(the principal components of each age class were identified to 19,21 and 21 species,accounting for 90.92%,92.51% and 91.20% of the total content respectively).The 18 species which were the main components of 3,5 and 7 years rosemary essential oil were α-pinene,camphene,and so on.(+)-2-borneolone was the unique principal component of 3 year old rosemary essential oil.[Conclusion]There are different degrees of variability and correlation among the growth indicators and essential oil components of different age classes of rosemary,and it is beneficial to use rosemary as a basis for monitoring and screening the suitable harvesting period.
rosemarydifferent age classesgrowth indicescontent of essential oilcomponents of essential oils
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