The developmental patterns of Chionanthus retusus fruit morphology and nutritional components
[Objective]To observe the process of Chionanthus retusus fruit and seed development,providing references for the collection and utilization of C.retusus germplasm resources and scientific cultivation research.[Method]From April to September 2021,three C.retusus trees aged over 80 years in Mount Tai were selected as experimental materials.The morphological characteristics,quality features,and nutritional components of fruits and seeds were observed,and the developmental patterns were fitted using SPSS 25.0 software.[Result]The development of C.retusus fruit could be divided into six stages:early fruit stage,fruit expansion stage,fruit skin formation stage,seed formation stage,fruit coloration stage,and fruit ripening stage.During the fruit skin formation stage(from 50 to 67 days after flowering),the inner fruit skin undergoes lignification,while during the seed formation stage(from 67 to 91 days after flowering),the embryo,endosperm,and embryo(radicle,cotyledon)were formed.During the fruit coloration stage(from 91 to 112 days after flowering),the fruit skin turned blue-purple.Both the longitudinal and transverse ratios of C.retusus fruit and seeds exhibited an"S"-shaped growth pattern with rapid growth,slow growth,and cessation of growth.The increase in dry matter of the seed kernels was staggered with the increase in fresh weight,with the rapid growth of dry matter occurring later than the increase in fresh mass.During the fruit coloration stage,as the color changed from green to blue-purple,the middle fruit skin mass significantly increased.Soluble sugars and starch first increased and then decreased,stabilizing after 91 days after flowering.Soluble protein and lipid contents gradually increased until stabilizing after 91 days after flowering.[Conclusion]Water-soluble quick-acting fertilizers should be primarily applied 35-50 days after flowering to increase yield;the period from 67 to 91 days after flowering is crucial for seed formation,during which potassium fertilizer should be supplemented.Late August to early September is the optimal time for harvesting C.retusus fruits.
Chionanthus retususfruitseedmorphological development
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