Effects of foliar fertilizers on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of'Yanfu 3'apple plants in arid areas
[Objective]To investigate the effects of different foliar fertilizers on photosynthetic characteristics and growth and development of'Yanfu 3'apple plants in arid areas.[Method]Taking 6-year-old'Yanfu 3'apples in Ning county,Qingyang,Gansu province as the test material,we set up the following foliar fertilizers:leaf xumi amino acid enzyme liquid(T1),fluid calcium(T2),sugar alcohol boron(T3),mineral potassium xanthate(T4),organosilicon+enzyme calcium(T5),leaf xumi+fluid calcium+sugar alcohol boron(T6),leaf xumi+fluid calcium+sugar alcohol boron+silicone(T7),ye xiumei+fluid calcium+sugar alcohol boron+silicone+mineral source of potassium xanthate(T8),brassica(T9),brassica+bud double promotion(T10),le pure in the amount of elements of water-soluble fertilizer+silicone(T11),cinobufotalin(T12),aminofresh fat(T13),cinobufotalin sodium+aminofresh fat(T14),sugar+enzyme+urea(T15),sodium nitrophenol+amine fresh fat+Lechon+sugar+enzyme+urea(T16)and so on,a total of 16 treatments,with water spray(CK)as the control,from the fruit expansion period to spray,every 15 d spraying for 4 times totally,and determine the different treatments and period of leaf and new shoot growth and photosynthesis-related indicators.[Result]There was no significant difference in the length of new shoots among different treatments,and both T1 and T2 treatments could significantly enhance the growth of new shoots,and the elongation of new shoots was the highest under the T1 treatment;the thickness of the base of the new shoots increased the most under the T1 treatment,followed by the T9 and T8 treatments;the growth of leaf area was the greatest under the T6 treatment,which was 966.59 mm2,followed by the T4,T5 and T14 treatments;the SPAD values of leaves in different periods of time were determined by different treatments and periods of time.Leaf SPAD values in different periods showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing,T1-T8 and T11 treatments could increase leaf SPAD values,of which T4 treatment had the highest increase in SPAD values,and leaf stomatal conductance,net photosynthetic rate,and transpiration rate were significantly increased and leaf intercellular CO2 concentration was decreased in T5,T6,and T8 treatments.[Conclusion]T1,T5,T6 and T8 treatments can promote the growth of'Yanfu 3'apple trees,thus provide the basis for improving apple yield and fruit quality.
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