Effect of metaxenia on the aromatic components of plum
[Objective]This study explored the influence of metaxenia on aromatic components by setting up various pollination combinations.It aimed to clarify the content and differences in aroma within plums,offering a reference for breeding superior aroma plum germplasms.[Method]Seven hybrid combinations were set up:three natural pollination combinations of'Hongshou','Qiuji',and'Dahongpao';Four hybrid combinations of'Hongshou'×'Qiuji','Hongshou'×'Dahongpao','Dahongpao'×'Qiuji',and'Dahongpao'×'Hongshou'.HS-SPME-GC-MS was used to determine the aroma components and content of seven combinations of plums.The key and characteristic aromatic components were identified by PCA and OAV,and different pollination combinations were classified by hierarchical cluster analysis.[Result]A total of 46 aroma compounds were detected in 7 pollination combinations,including 16 esters,11 aldehydes,4 ketones,12 alcohols,and 3 other compounds.A clear direct sensing effect of the pollen were demostrated.After cluster analysis,the plums were divided into four categories.The first category included'Hongshou','Hongshou'×'Qiuji',and'Hongshou'×'Dahongpao',all hybrid combinations with'Hongshou'as the maternal parent.The second largest category comprised'Dahongpao'and'Dahongpao'×'Qiuji',while the third largest category was'Dahongpao'×'Hongshou'.The aroma content in hybrids with'Dahongpao'as the maternal parent showed diversity.'Qiuji'was the fourth major category.Among the 7 combinations,19 key aroma components were identified,and 18 specific aroma components were identified.(E)-2-hexenal,nonanal,2-hexenal,and linalool were four common specific aroma substances in the 7 combinations,including fresh fruit,rose,citrus,and woody fruit aromas.The OAV value was high,which played a major role in the aroma characteristics of plum fruit.[Conclusion]The direct effect of pollen significantly affected the types and contents of aldehydes,alcohols,ketones,and esters in the aroma of plum fruit,increasing the fruit aroma.
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