Effects of fertilization methods of boron on photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of papaya
[Objective]The effects of different fertilization methods of boron on photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of papaya were studied to enrich the boron nutrition research and to improve the cultivation technology of papaya.[Method]The"Red Bell"papaya was used as our experimental material,three different fertilization methods of boron were set up including soil boron application,foliar boron application and trunk injection boron application,after 2 months without boron application,and no boron application was used as the control,then the photosynthetic physiological indexes were determined on the 0th 10th,20th,and 40th day after the application of boron,including the chlorophyll content of leaves,net photosynthetic rate,intercelluar CO2 concentration,stomatal conductivity,transpiration rate of the leaves,and the content of vitamin C,titrable acid,soluble solid of fruits were also determined on the 40th day after treatments.[Result]With the prolongation of the treatment time,the net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductivity and transpiration rate of papaya leaves of different fertilization methods of boron were increased at first and then decreased,while the intercellular CO2 concentration of leaves were decreased at first and then increased.If the chlorophyll content of a leaf was higher,then the net photosynthetic rate of the leaf was aslo higher.It indicated that the exogenous boron application in different fertilization methods could significantly increase the photosynthesis in the papaya leaves,and the net photosynthetic rate of leaves in descending order was trunk injection boron application＞foliar boron application＞soil boron application＞no boron application.The net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content of leaves in trunk injection boron application treatment were still able to maintain high levels and were significantly higher than those of the other fertilization methods of boron on the 40th day after treatments.The malformation rate of papaya fruits were significantly reduced by different fertilization methods of boron,the content of vitamin C and soluble solid were increased in the fruit,as well as the content of titrable acid were reduced in a certain extent,and the quality of fruit were improved.[Conclusion]Papaya is sensitive to boron,and the photosynthesis of leaves could be improved to varying degrees by three different fertilization methods of boron treatments after 2 months with no boron application of papaya,at the same time,the malformation rate of the fruit were significantly reduced,as well as the quality of fruit were improved in papaya.Although the foliar boron application treatment had a better effect of alleviating the boron deficiency in the early stage,but the durability was worse,soil boron application was not only ineffective but also slow in alleviating boron deficiency in papaya;while the trunk injection boron application treatment not only had longer time to alleviate the boron deficiency,but also had a fast absorbing effect,and it's considered environmentally friendly as well.In summary,the recommended method of boron application in'Red Bell'papaya is trunk injection.
papayaboron deficiencyfertilization methods of boronphotosynthetic characteristicsfruit quality
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