Phenotypic analysis and ornamental comprehensive evaluation of Malus spp.based on principal component and membership function method
[Objective]To provide a theoretical basis for screening Malus spp.varieties with high comprehensive ornamental value and suitable for planting in Qinghai province.[Method]Taking 22 introduced varieties of Malus spp.as materials,the phenotypes of branches and leaves,flowers and fruits were continuously determined and statistically analyzed,and comprehensive evaluation was made by principal component analysis and membership function value method.[Result]There were obvious differences among different Malus spp.species(varieties),and there were different degrees of variation among 20 indexes.The phenotypic variation coefficient of branches and leaves ranged from 11.72%to 66.36%,The coefficient of variation of the length and crown width of the new branch was the largest,with the coefficient of variation reaching 66.36%and 61.43%respectively,and the coefficient of variation of the height under the branch was the smallest,only 11.72%,indicating that the height under the branch had little difference among different begonia varieties and the characters were relatively stable.The coefficient of variation of flower phenotype ranged from 23.57%to 39.47%,and the variation coefficient ranged from 9.11%to 100.82%.The variation coefficient of fruit Malus spp.was the most extensive,and the variation coefficient of fruiting cluster number reached 100.82%.The results showed that there was a wide range of variation among different Malus spp.varieties,and the coefficient of variation of fruit shape index was the smallest,which was 9.11%.There were 20 pairs and 12 pairs of each index were significantly correlated(P＜0.01)and significant level(P＜0.05),respectively.The cumulative contribution rate of six principal components,such as fruit characteristics,branch characteristics,growth characteristics and flower characteristics,reached 82.60%,which retained most of the information of phenotypic traits of Malus cultivar.The calculation and analysis of the membership function value showed that the composite index of Malus'Brandywine'was the largest and that of Malus'Profusion'was the smallest.[Conclusion]Two methods of analysis showed that Malus'Brandywine',Malus'Longfeng',Malus'Red splender',Malus'Vermilion',Malus'Xinjiang',Malus'asiatica'and Malus'yangtaihong'were all ranked in the front,and their phenotypic traits were excellent.It can be applied and bred in Qinghai province.
Malus spp.phenotypic analysisornamental evaluationcoefficient of variationbreeding selection value method
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