Multivariate analysis of nut quality traits of 20 Juglans sigillata germplasm resources in Guizhou
[Objective]In order to screen out Juglans sigillata walnuts germplasm resources with good performance in Guizhou.[Method]20 individual plant of J.sigillata walnuts were collected from different regions of Guizhou as materials,and their appearance characteristics(transverse diameter,longitudinal diameter,lateral diameter),economic characteristics(water content,fat content,protein content,single fruit mass,kernel rate,shell thickness),texture characteristics(fracture,hardness,gumminess,springiness,cohesiveness,chewiness),fatty acid composition and content(palmitic acid,stearic acid,oleic acid,linoleic acid,linolenic acid)were statistically analyzed.Multivariate analysis methods such as cluster analysis,principal component analysis,correlation analysis,and path analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate the nut quality traits.[Result]The average diameter of 20 J.sigillata walnuts was 31.88 mm,and the fruit shape was relatively large,mainly round in shape.The content of fat and protein were high,with an average of 68.82%and 177.05 g/kg,respectively.TZ-15,ZA-7,and BJ-01 had the highest single fruit mass,kernel rate,and shell thickness,respectively.ZA-15 had the highest relative content of linoleic acid,with 73.06%.BJ-01 had the highest hardness,gumminess and chewiness,while TZ-15 had the lowest fracture,hardness,chewiness and gumminess.The results of cluster analysis and principal component analysis comprehensive evaluation showed that among 20 J.sigillata walnuts,BJ-01,YH-04,and ZA-7 had better nut quality,while DJ-04,DJ-09,and TZ-15 had better food processing and oil quality.DJ-04,TZ-10,and ZA-7 had better comprehensive quality.The correlation analysis findings revealed that there were relationships between walnut quality parameters,the shell thickness was found to be significant positively related to texture characteristics.The path analysis results show that hardness and gumminess were directly affected by altitude.[Conclusion]TZ-15 and ZA-7 have excellent comprehensive performance and could be selected as excellent individual plants for breeding.
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