Objective To understand the incidence of stroke among the entire population of Yishui County and provide the scientific basis for formulating prevention and control measures.Methods The monitoring data on stroke incidence was collected and analyzed among residents in Yishui County from 2018 to 2022.Results From 2018 to 2022,there were 25295 new stroke cases reported in Yishui County,with an average annual incidence rate of 424.80/105;the incidence rate of male(449.61/105)was higher than that of female(398.66/105);the main type of stroke was cerebral infarction,accounting for 78.63%of all stroke cases;the number of patients aged 60 and above accounts for 79.36%of the total number of patients.The incidence of ischemic stroke(cerebral infarction)in spring accounted for 28.42%of the total number of cases throughout the year;the incidence of hemorrhagic stroke was higher in winter than in other seasons.Consousion The trend of stroke incidence among residents in Yishui County from 2018 to 2022 is relatively stable,and overall it is still at a high level.The main type of onset is ischemic stroke,with males and middle-aged and elderly people being high-risk populations.Targeted strengthening of intervention and publicity for key populations can help reduce the harm of stroke to the health of the population.