Dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM)is a disease that seriously endangers human health.It is characterized by left ventricular systolic dysfunction and left ventricular enlargement,with a high incidence rate and poor prognosis.The patho-genesis of DCM is multifactorial,including genetic and acquired factors.Genetic factors mainly refer to gene mutations,with Titin(TTN)gene mutations and Lamin AC(LMNA)gene mutations being the most common types of mutations in the genetic etiology of DCM.Acquired factors include infection,alcohol,and immune mediation.Existing research has shown that viral infection and immune response cause myocardial damage and produce anti automyocardial antibodies,which play an impor-tant role in the occurrence and development of DCM.Specific treatment for related causes has gradually become one of the research hotspots.On the basis of conventional treatment methods such as diuresis,vasodilation,and delayed ventricular re-modeling,immunotherapy can be used to remove anti myocardial antibodies from patients with positive anti myocardial anti-bodies,which can reduce myocarditis in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy,improve heart function,and prognosis.How-ever,currently immunotherapy lacks evidence from large-scale clinical trials to support it,and is only an experimental treatment option for DCM patients.
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