Bipolar disorder is a mental disease with complex course and multiple influencing factors.It can be caused by biochemical,neuroendocrine,neuroimmune,brain structural abnormalities,heredity,psychosocial environment and other factors.Its episodic,circulatory,mixed and ebb and flow course varies,and its onset will involve impulsive and aggressive behavior.Such behavior will have a serious impact on the patient's life and social function,and will also cause a lot of incon-venience for subsequent treatment.This article summarizes the existing literature and systematically reviews the clinical manifestations and course of pediatric bipolar disorder,as well as the multifaceted influences of genetic,environmental and psychosocial factors.At the same time,the present diagnostic criteria and tools for this disorder are described in detail,as well as the integrated application of medication,psychotherapy,and lifestyle intervention in the treatment of bipolar disorder.In addition,this paper discusses the importance of risk assessment and attention to prodromal symptoms for offspring of peo-ple with bipolar disorder.The paper also looks forward to the challenges and opportunities in the field of bipolar disorder re-search in the future,with a view to providing useful guidance for clinical practice and scientific research.
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