Objective To analyze the bacterial contamination of hands before and after riding shared bikes in Chenggong District,Kunming City,and to evaluate the effectiveness of hand hygiene.Methods Samples were collected,cultured,ob-served,and subjected to microbial diversity analysis from the handlebars of shared bikes at 10 subway stations from Decem-ber 2022 to March 2023 in Chenggong District,Kunming City.Following hand washing with different cleaning methods,bacterial cultures were performed on the hands for enumeration.Results The average microbial colony count was(1 380[570,3310])CFU/25 cm2,with the detection of Pseudomonas putida and other bacteria.There was a statistically significant difference in the total number of hand colonies before and after riding shared bikes(P<0.05).Significant differences were observed in the colony counts among the hand sanitizer group,hand-washing gel group,distilled water group,and no hand-washing group(P<0.05).Furthermore,there were significant differences in colony counts among the hand sanitizer group,no-wash gel group,and distilled water group(P<0.05).No statistically significant differences were found in colony counts between the hand sanitizer group and the no-wash gel group(P>0.05).Conclusion Shared bikes exhibit contami-nation,with a significant increase in hand bacterial counts during cycling activities.Hand sanitizer,hand-washing gel,and distilled water demonstrate effectiveness in reducing bacterial counts to a certain extent.It is recommended that relevant government departments promptly improve the construction and maintenance of hand washing stations and educate the pub-lic to enhance their health literacy.