慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者呼吸困难信念的影响因素

Influencing factors of breathlessness beliefs in patients with acute exacer-bation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

万婷 ¹万思 ¹章美云¹

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作者信息

1. 南昌大学第二附属医院呼吸与危重症医学科,江西南昌 330008
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摘要

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)患者呼吸困难信念的影响因素及护理对策,以指导临床护理措施的拟定,促使患者临床获益.方法选择2021年1月至2022年6月南昌大学第二附属医院收治的AECOPD患者82例,评估所有患者的呼吸困难信念[呼吸困难信念问卷(BBQ)评分]情况,统计所有患者的基线资料,比较不同资料特征AECOPD患者的BBQ评分,分析AECOPD患者呼吸困难信念的影响因素.结果 82例AECOPD患者的BBQ评分为(38.20±4.83)分;单因素结果显示,不同文化水平、焦虑情况、呼吸困难程度及自我效能与AECOPD患者的呼吸困难信念比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),不同年龄、婚姻状况、性别、独居、合并基础疾病、COPD病程及家庭月人均收入与AECOPD患者的呼吸困难信念比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);多因素结果显示,AECOPD患者呼吸困难信念的独立危险因素为自我效能低下(B=3.581,β=0.371,95％CI=1.343～5.819)、焦虑(B=6.699,β=0.697,95％CI=5.166～8.232)、呼吸困难程度重(B=4.078,β=0.421,95％CI=1.832～6.324)及文化水平低(B=-5.220,β=-0.842,95％CI=-5.965～-4.475),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 AECOPD 患者呼吸困难信念较强,AECOPD患者呼吸困难信念的独立危险因素为自我效能低下、焦虑、呼吸困难程度重及文化水平低,在临床需着重关注.

Abstract

Objective To explore the influencing factors of breathlessness belief in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD)and nursing countermeasures,in order to guide the formulation of clinical nursing measures and promote clinical benefit of patients.Methods A total of 82 AECOPD patients admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from January 2021 to June 2022 were selected to evaluate the breathlessness be-lief(breathlessness beliefs questionnaire[BBQ]score)of all patients,statistical baseline data of all patients,and comparison of BBQ scores of AECOPD patients with different data characteristics.To analyze the influencing factors of breathlessness belief in AECOPD patients.Results The BBQ score of 82 AECOPD patients was(38.20±4.83).The single factor results showed that there were statistically significant differences between different cultural level,anxiety,breathlessness degree and self-efficacy and the breathlessness belief of AECOPD patients(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in age,marital status,gender,living alone,combined underlying diseases,COPD course and family per capita income between AE-COPD patients and their breathlessness belief(P＞0.05).Multivariate results showed that the independent risk factors of breathlessness belief in AECOPD patients were low self-efficacy(B=3.581,β=0.371,95％CI=1.343-5.819),anxiety(B=6.699,β=0.697,95％CI=5.166-8.232),severe breathlessness degree(B=4.078,β=0.421,95％CI=1.832-6.324)and low literacy level(B=-5.220,β=-0.842,95％CI=-5.965--4.475),and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Patients with AECOPD have strong breathlessness beliefs.The independent risk factors of breathlessness beliefs in patients with AECOPD are low self-efficacy,anxiety,heavy degree of breathlessness and low level of education,which should be paid more attention in clinical practice.

关键词

呼吸困难信念/慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期/影响因素/焦虑

Key words

Breathlessness beliefs/Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/Influence factor/Anxiety

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基金项目

江西省卫生健康委科技计划项目(20204317)

出版年

2024

中国当代医药

中国保健协会当代创新（北京）医药科学研究院

中国当代医药

影响因子：1.215

ISSN：1674-4721

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