Venous thromboembolism is a common postoperative complication in surgery and one of the serious and pre-ventable complications in the perioperative period.It is characterized by high morbidity,easy to miss diagnosis,and high potential risk,which can increase the postoperative morbidity and mortality rate,and affect the patients'prognosis.Venous thromboembolism includes two forms of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.Deep vein thrombosis refers to the formation or existence of thrombus in deep vein.Deep venous thrombosis mainly occurs in lower limbs,followed by upper limbs.One third of patients with deep venous thrombosis will have pulmonary embolism.Pulmonary embolism refers to the blockage of pulmonary artery or its branches by thrombus(the most likely source is embolus from deep vein of lower extrem-ity,sometimes caused by fat or air).Pulmonary embolism is a serious and life-threatening disease.Preventing deep vein thrombosis can reduce the incidence of pulmonary embolism,so as to prolong the survival time and even save lives.There-fore,it is important to clarify the effectiveness and safety of drug application for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis,and effective pharmacologic interventions in the perioperative period for high-risk groups can significantly reduce the incidence of postoperative thrombotic complications in patients,and the selection of appropriate medications is important for improving the prognosis of patients in the perioperative period.
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