Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of blood routine and liver function indexes in neonatal ABO hemolytic disease(ABO-HDN),and to provide reference for clinical diagnosis of ABO-HDN.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 406 children with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia admitted to the pediatric ward of the Second Hos-pital of Longyan City,Fujian Province from January 2019 to December 2022.Among them,50 children who met the diag-nostic criteria of ABO-HDN were selected as the hemolytic group,and 201 children with non ABO-HDN were selected as the non-hemolytic group.The liver function and blood routine related indicators of the two groups of children were com-pared.The AUC curve of the statistically different indicators was drawn to screen the indicators with better performance,and the diagnostic efficacy of the indicators and the three hemolysis experiments was compared.The test efficiency of combined hemolysis three experiments was analyzed.Results The serum total protein,serum albumin,white blood cell count,platelet count and lymphocyte count in the hemolytic group were higher than those in the non-hemolytic group,with statistically sig-nificant differences(P<0.05).The ROC curve of statistically significant indicators showed that only the area under the ROC curve of hemoglobin count was above 0.7,95%CI was 0.627-0.784,and the cut-off value of hemoglobin positive results was 163.5 g/L;the Youden's index of hemoglobin count alone and in combination with Coombs'test were 39%and 84%,respec-tively.Conclusion Hemoglobin count less than 163.5 g/L has a certain predictive value for ABO-HDN.Hemoglobin parallel Coombs'test can reduce the missed diagnosis rate of ABO-HDN.