An improved optimization algorithm based on SURF image Mosaic algorithm was proposed in this paper.First,in view of the high computational complexity and low matching accuracy of SURF algorithm when extracting feature points,the principal component analysis method was used to optimize SURF algorithm to reduce the data dimension of feature points,thus reducing the computational workload and improving the matching accuracy.The experimental results showed that the proposed optimized SURF image splicing algorithm has higher efficiency and accuracy in the process of extracting feature points and matching,and has achieved significant improvement in image splicing effect.