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梯级防护网对上游河道下切防护研究

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当河流上游来沙量小于水流的挟沙能力,水流对河床冲刷侵蚀作用加强,发生持续性下切。在河道铺设防护网可形成抗冲侵蚀基面对抗水流冲刷,能够有效抑制河床持续性下切,但其下游的冲坑影响防护网自身稳定,建设梯级防护网叠加保护使防护形成整体效果是解决问题的基本思路。通过 20 组室内水槽试验,研究梯级防护网对上游河道下切防护。结果表明:相较于单级防护网,梯级防护网保护的河床更快达到平衡,且平衡下切深度明显减小;虽河床抗冲防护效率随水流强度的增大而减小,但梯级防护网的防护效率明显高于单级防护网,水流强度相同时,梯级防护网防护效率随间距的增大而减小;在高水流强度下,网间距略大时,网间叠加防护失效,防护效率与单级防护网相当。
Research on the protection of cascade protection net for upstream river cut down
When the sediment inflow in the upper reaches of a river is less than the sediment carrying capacity of the current,the erosion effect of the current on the river bed is strengthened,and continuous downcutting occurs.Laying protective nets to form anti-scour erosion foundation can effectively inhibit the continuous cut-ting of river bed.However,the downstream pit affects the stability of the protection network itself,and the basic idea to solve the problem is to construct the superposition protection of the cascade protection network to form the overall effect of protection.Through 20 groups of indoor water tank tests,the protection of cascade protec-tion net on upstream river cutting is studied.The results show that compared with the single stage protection network,the river bed protected by the cascade protection network reaches the equilibrium faster,and the e-quilibrium cut depth is significantly reduced.Although the anti-scour protection efficiency of river bed de-creases with the increase of flow intensity,the protection efficiency of cascade protection network is obviously higher than that of single stage protection network.When the flow intensity is the same,the protection efficien-cy of the cascade protective net decreases with the increase of the spacing.At high flow intensity,when the spacing of the network is slightly larger,the superposition protection between the network is ineffective,and the protection efficiency is equivalent to that of the single stage protection network.

River bed protectionCascade protection netCutting depthProtection efficiency

王冰炜、郭志学、钱撼、张婧

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四川大学山区河流保护与治理全国重点实验室,四川 成都 610065

四川省公路规划勘察设计研究院有限公司,四川 成都 610041

西华大学能源与动力工程学院,四川 成都 610039

河床防护 梯级防护网 下切深度 防护效率

2025

吉林水利
吉林省水利宣传中心

吉林水利

影响因子:0.338
ISSN:1009-2846
年,卷(期):2025.(1)