摘要
对《论语》"君子不器"章的理解若缺乏对孔子论教育和论君子人格思想的整体把握,则容易把此章的重点放到"一能"和"多能"的问题上,得出孔子反对专业化教育而主张通识教育的片面结论.通过结合历代诠解和《论语》其他篇章对"君子不器"进行全面分析,可知孔子主张的是君子应当成为"不器之器",或"由器而不器".孔子并不反对技艺和专业知识的教育,但强调教育不能局限于知识技能,而要以德性教化和君子人格的培养为教育的最终目的."君子不器"并不会形成专业化教育和通识教育的矛盾,其指向的是对于德性教化的关注;成为君子的关键不在于才之多少,而在于是否有德.而孔子教育思想的德性指向,可以为反思现代教育提供一个有益的视角.
Abstract
Lack of an overall grasp of Confucius's educational thought and his discussion about Junzi's personality in the relevant interpretations of the chapter of"Junzi Being Not Mere Vessels"in The Analects makes it possible to put the emphasis on"one ability or multiple abilities"and draw a conclusion that Confucius advocated general education instead of specialized education.This paper aims to catch the core of Confucius's educational thought through contextual analysis and overall analysis of this chapter and points out that Confucius did not claim that Junzi does not need to be"vessel",and that Junzi should become"vessel but not merely vessel",or"from vessel to not merely vessel.Confucius did not oppose specialized education,but his main purpose was the cultivation of virtue.In the end this paper aims to reflect the problems of contemporary education from the educational thought of Confucius.
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