临床上有效的CD8+T细胞反应主要来自肿瘤中积累的特异性突变的抗原,也称为新抗原.肿瘤抗原通过Ⅰ类人白细胞抗原(Class Ⅰ human leukocyte antigen,HLA-I)显示在细胞表面.为了引起有效的抗肿瘤反应,抗原呈递必须在两个不同的事件中取得成功:首先,肿瘤抗原必须被树突状细胞(dendritic cell,DC)吸收并交叉呈递用于CD8+T细胞启动.其次,抗原必须由肿瘤直接呈递,以便被引物CD8+T细胞识别和杀伤.肿瘤利用多种逃逸机制来逃避这两个步骤的免疫识别,表现出促进其存活的免疫逃逸特性.这些特性包括调节Ag呈递,免疫抑制因子的分泌,抗细胞凋亡和诱导免疫偏差.本文针对近几年报道的一些与CD8+T细胞相关的免疫逃逸机制进行综述.
Research progress on immune escape mechanism associated with CD8+T cells
Clinically effective CD8+T cell responses primarily target antigens from tumor-specific mutations that accumulate in cancer,known as neoantigens.Tumor antigens are displayed on the cell surface by Class Ⅰ human leukocyte antigen(HLA-I).In order to induce an effective anti-tumor response,antigen presentation must be successful in two distinct events:First,the cancer antigen must be taken up by dendritic cells(DC)and cross-presented for CD8+T cell initiation.Second,the antigen must be presented directly by the tumor in order for the primer CD8+T cells to recognize and kill.Tumors use multiple escape mechanisms to evade immune recognition of these two steps,and exhibit immune escape properties that promote their survival.These properties include regulation of Ag presentation,secretion of immunosuppressive factors,anti-apoptosis and induction of immune bias.This article reviewed some of the immune escape mechanisms associated with CD8+T cells reported in recent years.
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