Advances in the study of neuron-glial intercellular communication
The communication between neurons and glial cells is the basis for maintaining the normal physiological function of the whole nervous system.Intercellular communication in the nervous system can be achieved through several mechanisms such as neurotransmitters,synapses,paracrine signals,extracellular vesicles,and ion channels.In recent years,new techniques promoted the discovery of new patterns of communication between neurons and glial cells.The discovery of tunneling nanotubes(TNTs),a dynamic cell-cell contact,has led to the recognition of new communication patterns such as protein transfer,ion transport,organelle transport,and signal transduction between cells in the nervous system.Stimulating glial cells using optogenetic techniques can not only modulate information processing in the central nervous system(CNS),but also provide structural support for nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system(PNS).Recently,the use of single-cell RNA sequencing technology has expanded and deepened the research on communication between neurons and glial cells.It is possible to construct the landscape of intercellular communication network of the whole nervous system in the single-cell level in the future.Based on the above research backgrounds,the authors review the latest research progress on communication between neurons and different kinds of glial cells in CNS and PNS,which has significance for understanding the complex functions of the nervous system.
neuronastrocyteoligodendrocytemicrogliaSchwann cellsatellite cellintercellular communication
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