The double lumen microballoon catheter with a diameter of less than 3F can pass through tortuous,fine or anatomically complex blood vessels into the target lesions,which can temporarily obstruct the blood flow to alter the local hemodynamics or to assist the performance of interventional embolization using liquid agent or spring coils,and improve the clinical efficacy and safety of interventional therapy.This article describes the product structure of the up-to-date double lumen microballoon catheters in detail,focusing on the clinical application of microballoon-occluded transarterial embolization in interventional therapy of liver cancer,the assessment of the clinical value of the microballoon-assisted liquid embolization for hypervascular lesions and vascular disorders,the microballoon-assisted coil embolization for visceral artery aneurysms,the special application of double lumen microballoon catheters in balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous embolization for gastric varices,and the evaluation of microballoon-occluded technique in improving the safety of prostatic artery embolization and its application prospects.