Based on theoretical analysis,this article uses data from the China Family Panel Studies(2014-2018)to study the impact of household income inequality on borrowing preferences through various econometric methods such as the Probit model.The results show that most farmers prefer to use informal channels,but the proportion of this group is decreasing year by year.The larger the in-come inequality between farmers,the more likely they are to borrow through formal channels.Social capital will weaken farmers'preference for formal channels caused by income inequality.Farmers in the central and western regions of China,engaged in agricultural production,and with relatively low incomes,are more inclined to borrow from formal channels when facing the widening income gap.The research conclusions can provide reference for the high-quality development of rural fi-nance and the better contribution of financial services to rural revitalization.