In the context of Digital China construction,digital transformation is the key support for commercial banks to improve the quality and efficiency of financial services and reshape the risk management system.Based on the annual data of Chinese commercial banks from 2007 to 2021,we use annual report text analysis to construct a bank digital development index to empirically examine the impact of digital transformation on the stability of bank operations and the role of business struc-ture as a mechanism in it.The paper finds that digital transformation can significantly improve the operational stability of commercial banks;the adjustment and change of business structure is an im-portant path for digital transformation to affect the stability of banks,and digital transformation can positively affect the operational stability of banks by increasing the proportion of retail loans,the pro-portion of time deposits,and the degree of business diversification.Further analysis shows that digi-tal transformation can significantly improve the operational stability of banks with larger scale,poorer social credit environment,and higher levels of external financial technology development.