Textbooks,Memory and Identity:WWⅡ Memory Construction in Singapore's High School History Textbooks Since 1965
Since the 1980s,the Singapore authorities have changed the practice of desalinating history education in the early days of independence,and began to deliberately write stories about Singapore in high-school history textbooks to build Singapore's national memory.In this process,the writing of the history of the Second World War,which served as a turning point in the development of the nation state of Singapore,received particular attention.Whether in textbooks related to Singapore's history in the early years of independence,or in the high school history textbooks in different versions since 1984,hardship,suffering and fear have always been the keynote of their narratives,shaping and inheriting the traumatic memories of WWⅡ among Singaporeans.The narrative themes,frameworks and pan-ethnicization of heroic narratives indicate the strate-gic intentions of the Singaporean elites who used the collective memory of WWⅡ to construct an"imagined community",u-sing it as a link to connect and construct the national identity of the Singaporeans.The change of memory picture implies that the government of Singapore focuses on the present and is reality-oriented in the construction of national identity.
Singaporenational historytextbookmemory of World War Ⅱnational identity
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