水稻种子休眠遗传调控机制研究进展
Research advance in genetic regulation mechanism of seed domancy in rice
卢心明 1牛百晓1
作者信息
- 1. 扬州大学农学院/江苏省作物基因组学和分子育种重点实验室/植物功能基因组学教育部重点实验室/江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,江苏扬州 225009
- 折叠
摘要
种子休眠可确保种子在最适宜的条件下萌发,对植物的生存和环境适应具有重要意义.种子休眠的强弱关系到种子穗发芽、萌发率、整齐度及后续生长,对作物的产量和品质十分重要.种子休眠受内源激素、环境和复杂遗传网络等多种因素的调控.其中植物激素脱落酸(abscisic acid,ABA)和赤霉素(gibberellic acid,GA)是水稻休眠调控网络中最重要的2个激素,大多数休眠相关基因通过直接或间接调控ABA和GA相关基因来介导种子的休眠.过去几十年,育种家对水稻种子休眠进行了一些数量性状座位(Quantitative trait locus,QTL)定位研究,并结合一系列水稻穗发芽的突变体,初步揭示了种子休眠的分子机制.该研究归纳总结近几年控制水稻休眠的关键基因及其调控机制,以期为该方向的研究以及水稻抗穗发芽分子育种提供帮助.
Abstract
Seed dormancy ensures that seeds germinate under optimal conditions and is of great significance for the sur-vival and environmental adaptation of plants.The strength of seed dormancy affects seed germination rate,germination uniformity,and subsequent growth,which are crucial for crop yield and quality.Seed dormancy is a complicated phenom-enon,which is regulated by endogenous hormones,environmental effects,and complex genetic networks.Among them,the phytohormone abscisic acid(ABA)and gibberellic acid(GA)are the major endogenous regulators in the seed dorman-cy.Most dormancy-related genes mediate seed dormancy by directly or indirectly affecting GA or ABA-related genes.Over the past few decades,breeders have conducted quantitative trait locus(QTL)mapping studies on rice seed dormancy and,in combination with a series of mutants related to rice germination,have preliminarily revealed the molecular mecha-nisms of seed dormancy.This review summarizes the key genes and their regulatory mechanisms controlling rice seed dor-mancy in recent years,with the aim of providing assistance for further research in this direction and molecular breeding of rice for resistance to premature germination.
关键词
水稻/种子休眠/穗发芽/ABA/GA/遗传调控Key words
rice/seed dormancy/pre-harvest sprouting/ABA/GA/genetic regulation引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金(32170344)
国家自然科学基金青年基金(31701392)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据