Effects of different sod-culture on soil nutrients and microorganisms in orchard
Four sod-culture modes were tested in the pear orchard,including CK:natural grass;H:rapeseed;Z:Vi-cia villosa var.glabresens;HZ:intercropping of rapeseed and Vicia villosa var.glabresens.The effects of different sod-culture on soil nutrient content,soil enzyme activity and number of microorganisms of orchard were studied at different periods.The results showed that the soil organic matter content,available phosphorus content,available potassium con-tent and sucrase activity of H were higher than those of Z and CK,and the growth of bacteria and fungi in 0-20 cm sur-face soil was inhibited by H at 60 days after returning to the field.Compared with H and Z,HZ had the same effect on increasing soil organic matter content,available phosphorus content in 0-20 cm surface soil,available potassium content in 20-40 cm subsurface soil,and soil urease and catalase activities before 60 days.However,HZ could significantly in-crease the available nitrogen content of H and the available potassium content of Z in 0-20 cm surface soil,and could ob-tain higher number of soil actinomyces colonies and bacterial colonies in 20-40 cm subsurface soil.In conclusion,the rapeseed of'flower+fertilizer'mode can be used as an organic fertilizer source to improve orchard soil effectively,con-tribute to the increase of soil available nutrient content and soil enzyme activity,and improve soil microbial community structure,and intercropping with Vicia villosa var.glabresens can effectively make up for the lack of nitrogen fixation ability of rapeseed.
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