Effect of deformation in non-recrystallization region on microstructure evolution and microhardness of EH47 crack arrest steel was studied by single pass compression test using MMS-200 thermal simulator.The results show that when the deformation increases from 15%to 60%,the length-width ratio of the prior austenite grain increases from 1.2±1.4 to 2.7±2.3,the microstructure changes from coarsened bainite to refined ferrite and bainite,the proportion of high-angle grain boundaries(HAGB)increases from 34.6%to 61.7%,the effective grain size decreases from 4.5±5.9 µm to 3.4±4.2 µm,and the microhardness decreases from 230 HV50 to 211 HV50.The austenite grains of the specimen with 60%deformation have an effective interfacial area per unit volume of 106.7 mm-1 before the phase transformation,which is the main reason for the refined and uniform microstructure.The ferrite grains nucleated,grown and then intercontacted at the prior austenite grain boundaries enhances the proportion(21.5%)of HAGB within the misorientation range of 20° to 47°,resulting in a crucial aspect for its possession of 61.7%HAGB.The main reasons for the decrease of microhardness are the high content of ferrite,the decrease of dislocation density and the increase of the proportion of recrystallized grains.