Effect of different heating temperatures(700-1300 ℃ for 1 h,heating up along with the furnace and air cooling)under air atmosphere on decarburization depth of 45 steel surface was studied,and the mechanism of decarburization was analyzed.The results show that as the temperature increases,the depth of the decarburization layer on 45 steel surface is increased.When heated at 700 ℃,no decarburization occurs on the 45 steel surface.When heated at 750~800 ℃,it is mainly dominated by completely decarburized structure.When heated in the range of 850~900 ℃,there is a coexistence of completely decarburized structure and partially decarburized structure.When heated at 950 ℃ and above,it is primarily composed of partially decarburized structure.